Introversion and working memory

1. Introduction Over the past half century, foreplay accounts bring on henpecked explanations of the di•erences among intr overts and extraverts (Eysenck, 1967; Humphreys & Revelle, 1984). Because arousal is a noncognitive variable, it has been di†cult for cognitive psychologists to bridge levels of digest in attempting to understand the relation between the cognitive and the psychophysiological professional person®les of extroversion. Di•erences in neurochemistry and neuroanatomy are principally far more obedient to modular or neural circuitry-based views of cognition. The clathrate formation in the brainstem, long cited as the anatomical source of arousal di•erences associated with extraversion (Eysenck, 1967), has recently been shown to exert controlupstream over certain cortical and subcortical areas of the brain. Speci®cally, the pontine reticular nucleus projects to dickens the prefrontal cortex and the primary ganglia modulating t he release of dopamine (DA; Martin, 1996; Robbins & Everitt, 1995). to each one of these areas is central to higher cognitive functions. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is composite in working memory (Cabeza & Nyberg, 1997), objet dart the basal ganglia is central to adjective memory formation (Lieberman, in kettle of fish; Saint-Cyr & Taylor, 1992). Furthermore, both DLPFC and basal ganglia depend on DA for normal mathematical operation (Cohen & Servan-Schreiber, 1992; Spitzer, 1993; Wickens & Kotter, 1995). These advances in mapping the neuroanatomical and neurochemical links from the reticular formation to other(a) areas of the brain o•er new avenues of brain wave into the cognitive consequences of arousal di•erences. Based on these ®ndings, it should be judge that extraverts and introverts would di•er both in their working memory and their procedural memory. The expected di•erence in procedural memory has been found by Corr an d colleagues (Corr, Pickering & Gray, 1995)! . In this study, subjects identi®ed as...If you call for to get a all-inclusive essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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